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The Agro-biodiversity Hotspots of India

    S. No. Agro-Biodiversity Region Districts Tribal Population
    1. Cold Desert Western Himalyas covering Ladakh and Kargil. Upper reaches of Lahual-Spiti districts of Himachal Pradesh. -
    2. Western Himalayan The agrobiodiversity hotspot area covers the districts of Srinagar, Anantnag, Udhamput, Riasi, Kathu in Jummu & Kashmir, all the districts of Himachal Pradesh except the cold arid region and all the districts of Uttarkhand. -
    3. Eastern Himalayan The hotspot area includes all the districts of Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim and Darjeeling district of West Bengal. The tribal population of Arunachal Pradesh is 0.7 million, representing about 64% of its population. The tribes of Arunachal Pradesh are: Abor, Aka, Aptani, Dafla, Galong, Khampti, Khowa, Mishmi, Momba, Any Naga tribes, Sherdukpen, Singpho. The tribes of Sikkim are: Bhutia, Lepcha. The tribal population of Sikkim is 0.11 million, represemtomg anpit 20.6% of its population.
    4. Brahmaputra Valley The hotspot area includes the following districts: Dhubri, Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Bareta, Nalbari, Goalpara, Kamrup, Golaghat, Darrang, Morigaon, Nagaon, Sonitpur, Jorhat, Lakhimpur, Sibsagar, Dibrugarh, Dhemaji and Tinsukia. The notified tribal areas are North Cachar district and Karbi Anglong district. The tribal population is 3.3 million representing 12.4% of its population. The main tribes are Barmans, Boro, Chakma, Deon, Kachan, Garo, Hojai Hajong, Hmar, Kachari, Khasi, Jaintia, Lalung, Any Kuki, Lakher, Mari, Mech, Any Mizo, Mikir, Miri, Any Naga tribes, Pawi, Rabha, and Syntheng.
    5. Khasia-Jaintia-Garo Hills The hotspot area includes all the seven districts, i.e. East Garo Hills, West Garo Hills, South Garo Hills, East Khasi Hills, West Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills and Ri-Bhoi. In this region, all the districts of Meghalaya are notified tribal areas. The population of tribals is 1.9 million representing 85.5% of its population. The main tribes are Chakma, Kachari, Garo, Hajong, Hmar, Khasi Jaintia, Any Kuki, Lakher, Mari (Tai-speakig), Any Mizo, Mikir, Any Naga, Pawi and Synteng.
    6. North-Eastern Hills The hotspot area includes all the districts of Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and the adjoining Cachar and North Cachar districts of Asom. The tribal population of Manipur is 0.74 million representing 34% of its population. The main tribes of Manipur are Aimol, Anal, Angami, Chiru, Chothe, Gangte, Himar, Kabui, Kacha Naga, Koirao, Koireng, Korn, Lampgang, Mao, Maram, Maring, Any Mizo (Lushai tribes), Monsang, Moyon, Paite, Purulum, Ralte, Sema, Simte, Suhte, Tangkhul, Thadou, Vaiphul and Zou. The population of tribes in Mizoruam is 0.83 million representing 94.7% of its population. The notified Tribal Areas are Chakma district, Mara district, Lai district. The population of tribes in Nagaland is 1.7 million representing 87.7% of its population. The main tribes are Naga, Kuki, Kachari, Mhikir and Garo. The population of tribes in Tripura is 0.99 million which represents 31% of its population. The main tribes are Bhil, Bhia, Chaimal, Chakma, Garoo, Halam, Jamatia, Khasia, Kuki, Lepcha, Lushai, Marg, Munda, Noaita, Orang, Riang, Santal, Tripuri and Uchai.
    7. Arid Western The hotspots are comprises of the following districts of Rajastahan: Sikar, Nagaur, Pali, Hanumangarh, Ganganagar, Jalore, Sirohi, Jodhpur, parts of Jaisalmer and Bikaner, Udaipur, Dungarpur, Churu, and Jhunjhunun. The population of the tribals in Rajasthan is 7.0 million, which forms 12.5% of the state population. The major tribes are Bhil, Bhil Mina, Damaaria, Dhanka, Garasia, Kathodi, Koli Dhor, Mina, Naikada, Patelia and Sahariya.
    8. Malwa Plateau and Central Highlands The hotspot area comprises the following districts of Shadol; Raisen, Bhopal, Sehore, Shajapur, Indore, Ujjain, Mandasaur, Rajgarh Hoshangabad, Narsinghpur, Jabalpur, Mandla, Umaria. The population of tribals in Madhya Pradesh is 12.2 million, i.e. 20% of the population of the state. The major tribes are Agariya, Andh, Baiga, Bharia Bhumia, Bhattara, Bhil, Bhil Mina, Mina, Binjwar, Dhanwar, Gadaba, Gond, Karku, Kanwar, Kondar, Kolam, Korwa, Munda, Khanika, Panika, Pardhan, Pardhi, Parja, Sahariya, Saunta, Sawar and Saur.
    9. Kathiawar The hotspot are includes the following districts of Gujarat: Ahemdabad, Surendranagar, Jamnagar, Rajkot, Porbandar, Junagadh, Amreli, Bhavnagar, Bharuch, Surat, Navsari, Valsad, Banaskantha and Anand. The population of tribals is 7.4 million, which forms 14.7% of its population. The major tribes are Barda, Bavacha, Bhil, Charan, Chodhara, Dhanka, Dhodia, Gond, Kaathodi, Kokni, Koli, Kunbi, Nakda, Padhar, Paudhi, Patelia, Rathawa, Siddi, Vaghri, and Kotwalia.
    10. Bundelkhand The hotspot areas include the districts of Jhansi, Banda, Chitrakoot, Hamirpur, Jalaun and Lalitpur in Uttar Pradesh and Damoha, Datia, Panna, Sagar, Tikamagarh and Chattarpur in Madhya Pradesh. -
    11. Upper Gangetic Plains The hotspot area includes the districts of Hardoi, Sitapur, Barabanki, Lucknow, Unnao, Rae Bareilly, Kanpur, Kannuj of Central Uttar Pradesh and the districts of Maharajganj, Sidharatnagar, Kushinagar, Deoaria, Sant Kabir Nagar, Gorakhpur, Basti of North-Eastern Uttar Pradesh. -
    12. Lower Gangetic Plains The hotspot area includes the districts of Paschim Champaran, Purbi Champaran, Gopalganj, Siwan, Sitamarhi Muzaffarpur, Saran, Buxar, Bhojpur, Patna, Rohatas, Jahanabad, Vaishali, Samastipur, Darbangha, Madhubani, Sitamarhi, Sheohar in North Bihar. -
    13. Gangetic Delta The Gangetic delta agrobiodiversity region broadly includes the deltaic 24-Parganas districts, but also the districts of Hoogly, Howrah, Nadia, Bardhaman, Birbhum and Murshidabad which flank on both sides of the river Hoogly flowing into the Bay of Bengal. The hotspot area are the districts of south 24 Parganas, North 24 Parganas, Howrah, Hoogly, Nadia, Bardhaman, Birbhum and Murshidabad. -
    14. Chotanagpur The Chotanagpur region constitutes south and eastern plateau of Jharkhand and contiguous districts in Orissa. It is generally referred as Chotanagpur Plateau, which comprises all the districts of Jharkhand, Mayurbhanj and Sundargarh districts of Orissa. The hotspot areas are the districts of Singhbhum, Gumla, Ranchi, Lohardaga, Palamau and HazaribHag and Santhal Pargana in Jharkhand and Mayurbhanj district in Orissa. The tribal population in Jharkhand is 7.0 million representing 26.3% of its population. The main tribes are Asur, Baiga, Banjara, Bedia, Bhumji, Binjhia, Birhor, Birijia, Chero, Chik Baraik, Gond, Gorait, Ho, Karmali, Kharia, kharwar, Khond, Kisan, Kora Korwa, Lohara, Mahli, Muda, Oran, Parhaiya, Santhal, Sauri Paharia and Savar.
    15. Bastar The hotspot areas are the following districts: Bastar, Bilaspur, Durg, Jashpur, Kabirdham, Kanker, Kirba, Koria, Mahasamund, Kondaigaon, and Rajnangoan. The tribal population of Chattisgarh is 6.6 million, which forms 31.7% of its population. The main tribes are Bhumiya, Gond, Kamar, Karku, Kharwar, Kondh, Kol, Korkku, Korwar, Majhi, Munda, Pardhi, Parja, Saur, and Sawar.
    16. Koraput The Koraput agrobiodiversity region forms part of Northern Eastern Ghats in southwestern Orissa and northeastern districts of Andhra Pradesh (Vizagapatnam, Vijanagaram, Srikakulam). The hotspot area includes the districts of Malkangiri, Sonabeda, Jeypore, Koraput, Nabrangpur, Kalahandi, Bolngir, Rauagada and districts of north eastern Andhra Pradesh i.e. Srikakulam, Vijanagaram, Vizagapatnam. The tribal population is 8.1 million representing 22.1% of the population of Orissa state. The main tribes are Bagata, Bhumia, Bhondo, Chenchu, Didayi, Gond, Lambadis, Kharwar, Kol, Koyas, Khondadora, Khondareddis, Kora, Korua, Lodha, Mahali, Mankidi, Manikirdia Oraon, Penta, Porja, Santhal, Daora and Tharua
    17. Southern Eastern Ghats The hotspots are the districts of Chittoor, Ananthapur, Cuddapah, Kurnool in Andhra Pradesh and districts of Bellary, Raichur and Kolar in Karnataka. The tribal population in Andhra Pradesh is about 5.0 million, the south Eastern Ghats agrobiodiversity region represents only a part of Andhra Pradesh. The major tribe are Bagata, Chenchus, Lambadis, Khondareddis and Khonda doras.
    18. Kaveri The hotspot area consists of the districts of Chengalput, South Arcot, North Arcot, Thiuvannamalai, Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai, Thiruarur, Vellore, Kanchipuram, Dharmapuri, Salem, Namakkal, Karur and Dindigal. The major tribes are Irular, Kadar, Kond Kapus, konda reddis, Malai pandarams and Malayali.
    19. Deccan The hotspot are includes the districts of Jalna, Hingoli, Parbhani, Beed, Nanded, Latur, Osmanabad, Solapur, Sangli, Gondia, Gadchiroli in Maharashtra and the districts of Adilabad, Karimnagar, Warangal and Khamman in Andhra Pradesh and districts of Bidar and Gulbarga in Karnataka. In Maharashtra, the tribal population is about 8.5 million and the major tribes are Andh, Baiga, Bavacha, Bhatra, Bhil, Bhunja, Chodhara, Dhanka, Dhondia, Gond, Kamar, Kathodi, Kanwar, Kol, Khond, Koya, Naikada, Oroan, Pardhan, Pardhi, and Sawar. In Andhra Pradesh, the tribal population is 5.0 million. The major tribes in Adilabad, Karimnagar, Warangal and Khamman districts of Andhra Pradesh are Chenchus, Lambadis, Khondareddis and Koyas.
    20. Konkan The hotspot area includes coastal districts of Thane, Raigad, Ratnagiri, Sindhudurg and part of Sahyadri districts of Pune, Satara and Kolhapur of Maharashtra, all the districts of Goa and uttar Kannda district of Karnataka. -
    21. Malabar The hotspot areas are the districts of Kasargod, Kannur, Wayanad, Kozikode, Malappuram, Palakkad, Thrissur, Idukki, Ernakulam, Alappuza, Kollam, Kottayam, Pathanamthitta & Thiruvananthpuram in Kerala, Udhagamandalam (Nilgiri) and Kanyakumari districts of Tamil Nadu and districts of Dakshin Kannada, Kodagu and Udipi in Karnataka. -
    22. Islands Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep -
 
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